Joining of 2 monosaccharides by O-glycosidic bond: Maltose (α-1, 4)= glucose + glucose Sucrose (α-1,2) = glucose + fructose Lactose (β-1,4) = glucose + galactose.Functional sugar group: Aldehyde group – aldoses Keto group – ketoses
Monosaccharides Further classified based on: 1. Polysaccharides: more than 10 sugar units Homopolysaccharides & heteropolysaccharides.Oligosaccharides: 3-10 monosaccharide units.Many diseases associated with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism including: Diabetes mellitus Galactosemia Glycogen storage diseases Lactose intolerance.OVERVIEW Carbohydrates: The most abundant organic molecules in nature The empiric formula is (CH2O)n, “hydrates of carbon” Carbohydrates: provide important part of energy in diet Act as the storage form of energy in the body are structural component of cell membranes The structure and function of glycosaminoglycans.
The main role of carbohydrates in providing and storing of energy.
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